标签归档:Cobbler

kickstart_示例

kickstart 示例

 

#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth  --useshadow  --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled --http --ssh --port=123:udp
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US.UTF-8 --addsupport=zh_CN.UTF-8
# Use network installation
url --url=http://192.168.211.50/cblr/links/centos7mini-x86_64
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
repo --name=source-1 --baseurl=http://192.168.211.50/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos7mini-x86_64

# Network information
# # Using "new" style networking config, by matching networking information to the physical interface's 
# MAC-address
# %include /tmp/pre_install_network_config

network  --bootproto=dhcp --device=eth0 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto
# --device=eth0 由于网卡的名字可能是eth0、em1、eno16777736等,--device制定的与目标机器网卡不一致时,会报错无法启动,顾不指定--device
# network --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.100.52 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.100.1 --nameserver=223.5.5.5,223.6.6.6 --onboot=on --ipv6=auto
# network --bootproto=dhcp --onboot=on --noipv6
# network --device team0 --activate --bootproto=static --ip=10.34.102.222 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=10.34.102.254 --nameserver=10.34.39.2 -teamslaves="p3p1'{\"prio\": -10, \"sticky\": true}',p3p2'{\"prio\": 100}'" --teamconfig="{\"runner\": {\"name\": \"activebackup\"}}"

# Reboot after installation
reboot

#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $1$allgo$sjkKoGvJXV2AuBNFeHyxP.

# 加密密码生成
# 格式 openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'
# 其中 random-phrase-here 为干扰码

#add user
# user --name=<username> [--groups=<list>] [--homedir=<homedir>] [--password=<password>] [--iscrypted] [--shell=<shell>] [--uid=<uid>]
user --name="centos" --password="$1$allgo$sjkKoGvJXV2AuBNFeHyxP." --iscrypted --uid=1000

# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
# timezone  Asia/Shanghai
timezone --ntpservers=110.75.186.247,cn.ntp.org.cn Asia/Shanghai
# --nontp Disable automatic starting of NTP service

# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
# autopart

# CentOS6 不支持xfs
# part / --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=20480
# part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=512
# part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=2048
# part /data --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1


# CentOS7 支持xfs
# part / --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=20480
# part /boot --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=512
# part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=2048
# part /data --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1

# CentOS7 使用LVM分区
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=2048
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup centos pv.01
logvol  / --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=10240  --name=root
logvol  /data  --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=1  --grow  --name=data


# %pre部分脚本(系统安装前执行)系统在解析 ks.cfg 文件之后立即运行,而且必须以 %pre 命令开头。注意,你在 %pre 部分可以访问网络;然而,名称服务(name service)在此时还没有被配置,因此只有 IP 地址才能奏效。
%pre
set -x -v
exec 1>/tmp/ks-pre.log 2>&1

# Once root's homedir is there, copy over the log.
while : ; do
    sleep 10
    if [ -d /mnt/sysimage/root ]; then
        cp /tmp/ks-pre.log /mnt/sysimage/root/
        logger "Copied %pre section log to system"
        break
    fi
done &


curl "http://192.168.211.50/cblr/svc/op/trig/mode/pre/system/test" -o /dev/null
# Start pre_install_network_config generated code
# generic functions to be used later for discovering NICs
mac_exists() {
  [ -z "$1" ] && return 1

  if which ip 2>/dev/null >/dev/null; then
    ip -o link | grep -i "$1" 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
    return $?
  elif which esxcfg-nics 2>/dev/null >/dev/null; then
    esxcfg-nics -l | grep -i "$1" 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
    return $?
  else
    ifconfig -a | grep -i "$1" 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
    return $?
  fi
}
get_ifname() {
  if which ip 2>/dev/null >/dev/null; then
    IFNAME=$(ip -o link | grep -i "$1" | sed -e 's/^[0-9]*: //' -e 's/:.*//')
  elif which esxcfg-nics 2>/dev/null >/dev/null; then
    IFNAME=$(esxcfg-nics -l | grep -i "$1" | cut -d " " -f 1)
  else
    IFNAME=$(ifconfig -a | grep -i "$1" | cut -d " " -f 1)
    if [ -z $IFNAME ]; then
      IFNAME=$(ifconfig -a | grep -i -B 2 "$1" | sed -n '/flags/s/:.*$//p')
    fi
  fi
}

# Start of code to match cobbler system interfaces to physical interfaces by their mac addresses
#  Start eno16777736
# Configuring eno16777736 (00:0C:29:48:30:63)
if mac_exists 00:0C:29:48:30:63
then
  get_ifname 00:0C:29:48:30:63
  echo "network --device=$IFNAME --bootproto=static --ip=192.168.211.11 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.211.1 --hostname=test.mydomain.com" >> /tmp/pre_install_network_config
fi
# End pre_install_network_config generated code

# Enable installation monitoring

%end

# %packages 指令也支持下面的选项:
# --nobase,不要安装@Base 组.如果想创建一个很小的系统,可以使用这个选项.
# --resolvedeps,选项已经被取消了.目前依赖关系可以自动地被解析.
# --ignoredeps,选项已经被取消了.目前依赖关系可以自动地被解析.
# --ignoremissing,忽略缺少的软件包或软件包组,而不是暂停安装来向用户询问是中止还是继续安装.
# 例如:%packages --ignoremissing
%packages --ignoremissing --nobase
@Core
vim
wget
%end

# %post部分脚本系统安装后执行, DHCP配置网络没有配置dns服务器
%post --nochroot
set -x -v
exec 1>/mnt/sysimage/root/ks-post-nochroot.log 2>&1

%end

%post
set -x -v
exec 1>/root/ks-post.log 2>&1

# Start yum configuration
# curl "http://192.168.211.50/cblr/svc/op/yum/system/test" --output /etc/yum.repos.d/cobbler-config.repo

# End yum configuration



# Start post_install_network_config generated code

# create a working directory for interface scripts
mkdir /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler
cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-lo /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/

# set the gateway in the network configuration file
grep -v GATEWAY /etc/sysconfig/network > /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler
echo "GATEWAY=192.168.211.1" >> /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler
rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network
mv /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler /etc/sysconfig/network

# set the hostname in the network configuration file
grep -v HOSTNAME /etc/sysconfig/network > /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler
echo "HOSTNAME=test.mydomain.com" >> /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler
rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network
mv /etc/sysconfig/network.cobbler /etc/sysconfig/network

# Also set the hostname now, some applications require it
# (e.g.: if we're connecting to Puppet before a reboot).
/bin/hostname test.mydomain.com

# Start configuration for eno16777736
echo "DEVICE=eno16777736" > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
echo "ONBOOT=yes" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
echo "HWADDR=00:0C:29:48:30:63" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
IFNAME=$(ip -o link | grep -i '00:0C:29:48:30:63' | sed -e 's/^[0-9]*: //' -e 's/:.*//')
if [ -f "/etc/modprobe.conf" ] && [ $IFNAME ]; then
    grep $IFNAME /etc/modprobe.conf | sed "s/$IFNAME/eno16777736/" >> /etc/modprobe.conf.cobbler
    grep -v $IFNAME /etc/modprobe.conf >> /etc/modprobe.conf.new
    rm -f /etc/modprobe.conf
    mv /etc/modprobe.conf.new /etc/modprobe.conf
fi
echo "TYPE=Ethernet" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
echo "BOOTPROTO=none" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
echo "IPADDR=192.168.211.11" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0" >> /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/ifcfg-eno16777736
# End configuration for eno16777736

sed -i 's/ONBOOT=yes/ONBOOT=no/g' /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth*

rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736
mv /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler/* /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
rm -r /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/cobbler
if [ -f "/etc/modprobe.conf" ]; then
cat /etc/modprobe.conf.cobbler >> /etc/modprobe.conf
rm -f /etc/modprobe.conf.cobbler
fi
# End post_install_network_config generated code




# Start download cobbler managed config files (if applicable)
# End download cobbler managed config files (if applicable)

# Start koan environment setup
echo "export COBBLER_SERVER=192.168.211.50" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.sh
echo "setenv COBBLER_SERVER 192.168.211.50" > /etc/profile.d/cobbler.csh
# End koan environment setup

# begin Red Hat management server registration
# not configured to register to any Red Hat management server (ok)
# end Red Hat management server registration

# Begin cobbler registration
# skipping for system-based installation
# End cobbler registration

# Enable post-install boot notification

# Start final steps

curl "http://192.168.211.50/cblr/svc/op/ks/system/test" -o /root/cobbler.ks
curl "http://192.168.211.50/cblr/svc/op/trig/mode/post/system/test" -o /dev/null
# End final steps
%end

 

 

 

CentOS7x64下安装Cobbler

测试中发现,无法导入32位系统镜像,使用32位的CentOS安装Cobbler也不行,目前未解决。

 

# 安装环境
# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core) 

# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-229.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Mar 6 11:36:42 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux


# cat /etc/redhat-release 
CentOS Linux release 7.1.1503 (Core) 
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-229.20.1.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Nov 3 19:10:07 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

# rpm -qa cobbler
cobbler-2.6.10-1.el7.noarch

####################################################################################
#
#安装过程
#
####################################################################################
# 增加repo源
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
# 或
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo

# 安装Cobbler及相关软件
yum -y install httpd xinetd tftp-server dnsmasq rsync syslinux
yum -y install cobbler fence-agents pykickstart

# 关闭selinux
# vi /etc/selinux/config 
SELINUX=disabled

# 获取selinux状态
# getenforce

# 关闭iptables
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld 

# 生成系统安装后,root的密码 (默认密码为 cobbler)
# 格式 openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'
# 其中 random-phrase-here 为干扰码

# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'allgo' 'allgo.cc'                                 
$1$allgo$sjkKoGvJXV2AuBNFeHyxP.

# 修改Cobbler配置/etc/cobbler/settings
manage_dhcp:1
manage_dns:1
manage_tftpd:1
restart_dhcp:1
restart_dns:1
next_server:<服务器的 IP 地址>
server:<服务器的 IP 地址>
default_password_crypted: "$1$allgo$sjkKoGvJXV2AuBNFeHyxP."

# 修改 modules,使用dnsmasq作为DHCP、DNS服务器
# vi /etc/cobbler/modules.conf
[dns]
module = manage_dnsmasq

[dhcp]
module = manage_dnsmasq

[tftpd]
module = manage_in_tftpd

# 修改dnsmasq配置文件 /etc/dnsmasq.conf 
# vi /etc/dnsmasq.conf 

# Cobbler generated configuration file for dnsmasq
# $date
#

# resolve.conf .. ?
#no-poll
#enable-dbus
read-ethers
addn-hosts = /var/lib/cobbler/cobbler_hosts

dhcp-range=192.168.211.10,192.168.211.29,255.255.255.0
dhcp-ignore=tag:!known
dhcp-option=3,$next_server
dhcp-lease-max=1000
dhcp-authoritative
dhcp-boot=pxelinux.0
dhcp-boot=net:normalarch,pxelinux.0
dhcp-boot=net:ia64,$elilo

$insert_cobbler_system_definitions

# TFTP配置
# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp 
# default: off
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer \
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless \
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, \
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.
service tftp
{
        socket_type             = dgram
        protocol                = udp
        wait                    = yes
        user                    = root
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd
        server_args             = -s /var/lib/tftpboot
        disable                 = no
        per_source              = 11
        cps                     = 100 2
        flags                   = IPv4
}

systemctl start xinetd.service
systemctl status xinetd.service
systemctl enable xinetd.service

systemctl start tftp.socket
systemctl status tftp.socket
systemctl enable tftp.socket

systemctl start tftp.service
systemctl status tftp.service
systemctl enable tftp.service

# 配置httpd
cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
#移除并备份conf文件,目的不显示测试页面
mv autoindex.conf autoindex.conf.bak
mv userdir.conf userdir.conf.bak
mv welcome.conf welcome.conf.bak


# 启动httpd、Cobbler
systemctl start httpd.service
systemctl enable httpd.service
systemctl status httpd.service

systemctl start cobblerd.service
systemctl enable cobblerd.service
systemctl status cobblerd.service

# Cobbler检查,会检测到一些错误,根据提示解决
cobbler check

# Cobbler配置应用
cobbler sync

# 查看相关应用是否启动
ss -naltu


# 准备安装文件
# 导入iso文件
mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro /os/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1503-01.iso /mnt
cobbler import --name=centos7mini --path=/mnt --arch=x86_64
# cobbler import --arch=x86_64 --path=/mnt --name=centos7mini2

# 查看导入结果
cobbler distro list
cobbler distro report
cobbler profile report

# 添加kickstart配置文件
# 从现有sample_end 修改得到
# cp /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/jxl_data.ks
# vi /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/jxl_data.ks
timezone Asia/Shanghai --isUtc
lang en_US.UTF-8 --addsupport=zh_CN.UTF-8

# 添加账号
# user --name=<username> [--groups=<list>] [--homedir=<homedir>] [--password=<password>] [--iscrypted] [--shell=<shell>] [--uid=<uid>]
user --name="centos" --iscrypted="$1$juxinli$PEn5Sl/DCkrLOGeSmVrFP1" --uid=1000


# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
# autopart

# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Disk partitioning information
part / --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=204800
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --size=1024
part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=4096
# kvm
part /vm --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1
# data
part /data --asprimary --fstype="xfs" --grow --size=1

#LVM-data
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup centos pv.01
logvol  / --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=2048  --name=root
logvol  /data  --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=1  --grow  --name=data


#LVM-kvm
part /boot --fstype="xfs" --size=1024
part swap --fstype="swap" --size=4096
part pv.01 --size=1 --grow
volgroup centos pv.01
logvol  / --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=2048  --name=root
logvol  /vm  --fstype="xfs" --vgname=centos  --size=1  --grow  --name=vm







# cobbler profile add --name=Fedora17-xfce --ksmeta='desktop_pkg_group=@xfce-desktop' --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/example.ks --parent=centos7mini2-x86_64
# cobbler profile add --name=centos-data --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/jxl_data.ks --parent=centos7mini2-x86_64

# 修改kickstart文件
cobbler profile edit --name=centos7mini-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/jxl_data.ks

# 验证kickstart文件内容
cobbler profile getks --name=centos7mini-x86_64

# 配置需要安装的机器 
# 针对MAC为00:0C:29:48:30:63的机器安装
cobbler system add --name=test --profile=centos7mini-x86_64 --interface=eno16777736 --mac=00:0C:29:48:30:63 --ip-address=192.168.211.11 --netmask=255.255.255.0 --static=1 --dns-name=test.mydomain.com --gateway=192.168.211.1 --hostname=test.mydomain.com

cobbler system report


#######
# 让配置生效
cobbler sync

#######注意################
# 检查 dnsmasq dhcp-range是否正确,因为cobbler sync 会修改
grep "range" /etc/dnsmasq.conf
dhcp-range=192.168.211.10,192.168.211.20

# 修改/etc/dnsmasq.conf 后需要重启dnsmasq
systemctl restart dnsmasq.service



##############################
# 安装Cobbler Web 界面

yum -y install cobbler-web
# 修改授权
# /etc/cobbler/modules.conf 
[authentication]
module = authn_pam

[authorization]
module = authz_ownership

# 添加Cobbler_web 账号
# useradd web && passwd web

# 将 账号 添加到Cobbler_web admins组
# cat /etc/cobbler/users.conf 
[admins]
admin = ""
cobbler = ""
web = ""

# 重启服务
service cobblerd restart
service httpd restart

# 登录WEB(注意使用https)
https://192.168.211.131/cobbler_web/


# Cobbler 子命令介绍
cobbler check         #检查cobbler配置
cobbler sync          #步配置到dhcp pxe和数据目录
cobbler list          #列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler import        #导入安装的系统光盘镜像
cobbler report        #列出各元素的详细信息
cobbler distro        #查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler profile       #查看配置信息
cobbler system        #查看添加的系统信息
cobbler reposync      #同步yum仓库到本地

cobbler repo add --name=CentOS-7-x86_64 --mirror=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/
cobbler reposync


# 参考文档
# Cobbler官网
http://cobbler.github.io/manuals/quickstart/
http://cobbler.github.io/manuals/2.6.0/
# dnsmasq设置
http://debugo.com/dnsmasq/
# 使用 Cobbler 自动化和管理系统安装
http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cobbler/
# Cobbler自动化工具同时批量部署CentOS7及CentOS6.5
http://www.tuicool.com/articles/YZN3qi
#kickstart配置文件详解
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-17240700-id-2813881.html